Microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) are pressure-driven membrane
processes which are widely used in order to remove colloidal particles and
microorganisms in water and waste water treatment systems. The filtration performance
is, however, often hampered by the buildup of retained particulate matters on the
membrane surfaces, which causes the deleterious permeate flux decline. Conversely, the
retained particles form a cake layer between the concentration polarization (CP) layer and
membrane surface provides significant resistance to water permeation. |
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